{"id":197,"date":"2024-06-11T19:08:38","date_gmt":"2024-06-11T21:08:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/?page_id=197"},"modified":"2024-12-09T10:01:56","modified_gmt":"2024-12-09T12:01:56","slug":"controle-de-sistemas-mecanicos","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/pagina-2\/controle-de-sistemas-mecanicos\/","title":{"rendered":"Controle de Sistemas Mec\u00e2nicos"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/lBC1nEq0_nk\"><em><strong>Controle<\/strong> <\/em><\/a>\u00e9 a especialidade da engenharia que estuda as propriedades de estabilidade dos sistemas com vistas \u00e0 medi\u00e7\u00e3o e atua\u00e7\u00e3o compensadora convenientes. Alguns sistemas mec\u00e2nicos apresentam caracter\u00edsticas pr\u00f3prias de instabilidade quando em movimenta\u00e7\u00e3o. Por exemplo um pendulo na posi\u00e7\u00e3o invertida (massa para cima) n\u00e3o retorna para a posi\u00e7\u00e3o inicial (inst\u00e1vel) quando deslocado do equil\u00edbrio vertical. Um exemplo mec\u00e2nico deste sistema de <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/lBC1nEq0_nk\"><em><strong>controle<\/strong><\/em><\/a> \u00e9 o monociclo (<em><strong><a title=\"Monociclo (pendulo invertido)\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/pagina-2\/dispositivos-mecanicos-de-movimentacao\/monociclo-pendulo-invertido\/\">Segway<\/a><\/strong><\/em>). Outro sistema que exige <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/lBC1nEq0_nk\"><em><strong>controle<\/strong> <\/em><\/a>\u00e9 o rodeiro metro-ferrovi\u00e1rio. Decido as propriedades de contato roda\/trilho, as for\u00e7as de contato s\u00e3o fun\u00e7\u00e3o inversa da velocidade e apresentam instabilidade a grande velocidade (<a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/06\/Railway_Hunting.pdf\"><em><strong>hunting<\/strong> <\/em><\/a>ou lacet). Um exemplo \u00e9 o\u00a0<a title=\"Trem de alta Velocidade\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/metroferroviario\/trem-de-alta-velocidade\/\">TAV<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Em sistemas automotivos as t\u00e9cnicas de <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/lBC1nEq0_nk\"><em><strong>controle<\/strong> <\/em><\/a>s\u00e3o largamente utilizadas. Alguns exemplo s\u00e3o:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/automotivo\/suspensao-ativa\/\"><em><strong>Suspens\u00e3o ativa<\/strong><\/em><\/a>;<\/li>\n<li>Sistema de freio com anti-travamento da roda (<a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/automotivo\/estudo-e-modelagem-de-sistema-anti-travamento-de-freio-abs\/\"><em><strong>ABS<\/strong><\/em><\/a>);<\/li>\n<li>Controle de tra\u00e7\u00e3o (TRC);<\/li>\n<li>Sistema de Controle de Dire\u00e7\u00e3o (ESP);<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/automotivo\/comboio-de-veiculos\/\"><em><strong>Comboio de Ve\u00edculos<\/strong><\/em><\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/2Xl7--Df3g8\"><em><strong>fun\u00e7\u00e3o de resposta<\/strong><\/em><\/a> de um sistema din\u00e2mico descreve as suas caracter\u00edsticas que podem ser avaliadas a partir de uma excita\u00e7\u00e3o externa (<a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/USH75nuHV6w\"><em><strong>resposta ou degrau<\/strong><\/em><\/a>). Existem v\u00e1rias t\u00e9cnicas de projeto de um sistema de controle (<a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/wkfEZmsQqiA?list=PLn8PRpmsu08pQBgjxYFXSsODEF3Jqmm-y\"><em><strong>controle PID<\/strong><\/em><\/a>) que visam manter a estabilidade do sistema mec\u00e2nico.<\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>Sistema de suspens\u00e3o ativa com amortecimento reol\u00f3gico<\/h3>\n<p>Cl\u00e1udio Crivellaro (2008) <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/06\/Vehicle_Suspension_Identification_Crivellaro_10.pdf\"><em><strong>Controle Robusto de Suspens\u00e3o Semi-ativa para Caminhonetes utilizando amortecedores magneto-reol\u00f3gicos<\/strong><\/em><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Clique\u00a0<em><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.teses.usp.br\/teses\/disponiveis\/3\/3152\/tde-09022009-140556\/pt-br.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">aqui<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>para ver o trabalho de Cl\u00e1udio Crivellaro<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Suspens\u00e3o Ativa (ABC \u2013 Active Body Control)<\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Bose active suspension\" width=\"604\" height=\"453\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/eSi6J-QK1lw?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Active Suspension works (Animation)\" width=\"604\" height=\"340\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/jE8s1qZy61Q?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Car Suspension Works: Car Suspension Components, Animation and Different Types of Suspension\" width=\"604\" height=\"340\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/aNxSigpIhxA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Controle de tra\u00e7\u00e3o (Electronic Stability Control Technology &#8211; ESP &#8211; DSC &#8211; ESC &#8211; ATRC)<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/12\/controle_seletivo_AUDI.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2668 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/12\/controle_seletivo_AUDI-298x300.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"298\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/12\/controle_seletivo_AUDI-298x300.png 298w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/12\/controle_seletivo_AUDI-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/12\/controle_seletivo_AUDI-45x45.png 45w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/12\/controle_seletivo_AUDI-200x200.png 200w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/12\/controle_seletivo_AUDI.png 379w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 298px) 100vw, 298px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Veja estes v\u00eddeos sobre o funcionamento do Controle de Tra\u00e7\u00e3o (<em>Traction Control System \u2013 TRC<\/em>)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Electronic Stability Control Technology(ESP, DSC, ESC, A-TRC)\" width=\"604\" height=\"340\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/LVz9f5WQhCI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"EN | Electronic stability program ESP\u00ae\" width=\"604\" height=\"340\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5IP-pgKrNV8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>Controle de Cruzeiro (<em>Adaptative Cruise\u00a0 Control <\/em>)<\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"How Adaptive Cruise Control Works - Step One For Autonomous Cars\" width=\"604\" height=\"340\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/IMYi3G7dkU4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<h3>Controle de Cruzeiro (<em>Adaptative Cruise\u00a0 Control <\/em>)<\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Audi Adaptive Cruise Control Vs BMW Active Cruise Control Vs Mercedes Drive Pilot\" width=\"604\" height=\"340\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Js9AAQ4IWx8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Comboio de Ve\u00edculos (Convoy <em>Control<\/em>)<\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"2015 Hyundai Genesis | Empty Car Convoy | Hyundai Canada\" width=\"604\" height=\"340\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/IEToKAELeqY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Controle de Dire\u00e7\u00e3o (<em>driverless<\/em>)<\/h3>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Autonomous Racing: AMZ Driverless with flu\u0308ela\" width=\"604\" height=\"340\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FbKLE7uar9Y?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Outros exemplos de controle<\/h3>\n<p>Vejam alguns exemplos de controle de sistemas mec\u00e2nicos desenvolvidos por \u00a0<a title=\"Alunos de Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/pagina-1\/alunos-de-pos-graduacao\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Paulo Ricardo Arantes Gilz<\/a> na <a title=\"Laborat\u00f3rios de Refer\u00eancia\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/pagina-1\/laboratorios-de-referencia\/\">The \u00c9cole Nationale Sup\u00e9rieure de Techniques Avanc\u00e9es (ENST ParisTech) France\u00a0<\/a><br \/>\n<a title=\"Laborat\u00f3rios de Refer\u00eancia\" href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/pagina-1\/laboratorios-de-referencia\/\">L\u2019Unit\u00e9 de M\u00e9canique (UME), Le Centre Automatique et Syst\u00e8mes (CAS)<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-video\" align=\"center\">\n<div style=\"width: 604px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-197-1\" width=\"604\" height=\"336\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/5_tiges.mp4?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/5_tiges.mp4\">https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/5_tiges.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-video\" align=\"center\">\n<div style=\"width: 604px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-197-2\" width=\"604\" height=\"336\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/disque.mp4?_=2\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/disque.mp4\">https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/disque.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-video\" align=\"center\">\n<div style=\"width: 604px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-197-3\" width=\"604\" height=\"336\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/gamelle.mp4?_=3\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/gamelle.mp4\">https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/gamelle.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-video\" align=\"center\">\n<div style=\"width: 604px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-197-4\" width=\"604\" height=\"336\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/pendule.mp4?_=4\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/pendule.mp4\">https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/pendule.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"wp-video\" align=\"center\">\n<div style=\"width: 604px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-197-5\" width=\"604\" height=\"336\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/tuyau.mp4?_=5\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/tuyau.mp4\">https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/1453\/2024\/08\/tuyau.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Veja controle de girosc\u00f3pio <a href=\"https:\/\/youtu.be\/rFjk2HHTx14\"><strong>aqui<\/strong><\/a>. Projeto desenvolvido pelo Laborat\u00f3rio de Controle e Automa\u00e7\u00e3o &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/lac\/aplicado\/\"><strong>LAC<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Controle \u00e9 a especialidade da engenharia que estuda as propriedades de estabilidade dos sistemas com vistas \u00e0 medi\u00e7\u00e3o e atua\u00e7\u00e3o compensadora convenientes. Alguns sistemas mec\u00e2nicos apresentam caracter\u00edsticas pr\u00f3prias de instabilidade quando em movimenta\u00e7\u00e3o. Por exemplo um pendulo na posi\u00e7\u00e3o invertida (massa para cima) n\u00e3o retorna para a posi\u00e7\u00e3o inicial (inst\u00e1vel) quando deslocado do equil\u00edbrio vertical. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24004,"featured_media":0,"parent":64,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"class_list":["post-197","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/197","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/24004"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=197"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/197\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2670,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/197\/revisions\/2670"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/64"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/ldsv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=197"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}