{"id":220,"date":"2023-10-03T21:02:33","date_gmt":"2023-10-04T00:02:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/particulasmodais\/?page_id=220"},"modified":"2023-10-03T22:51:16","modified_gmt":"2023-10-04T01:51:16","slug":"as-pms-em-outras-linguas","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/particulasmodais\/as-pms-em-outras-linguas\/","title":{"rendered":"As PMs em outras l\u00ednguas"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diversos trabalhos argumentam que, mesmo com uma <\/span><b>estrutura diferente <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">do alem\u00e3o, outras l\u00ednguas apresentam a classe de palavras de PMs. Ao oferecerem justificativa para o ato de fala em que ocorrem, as formas de modaliza\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o como um conselho \u2018metapragm\u00e1tico\u2019 e assim, representam uma necessidade funcional interlingu\u00edstica, podendo ser postulada a partir de simples suposi\u00e7\u00f5es sobre a natureza da comunica\u00e7\u00e3o humana <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Walterheit 2001). Ou seja, qualquer l\u00edngua, mesmo sem a mesma constru\u00e7\u00e3o do alem\u00e3o, precisa ter meios pragm\u00e1ticos\/modais para expressar inten\u00e7\u00f5es comunicativas.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A tabela a seguir apresenta uma an\u00e1lise contrastiva de alguns exemplos de modalidade em 6 l\u00ednguas:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Alem\u00e3o<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Portugu\u00eas\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Outras l\u00ednguas<\/b><b><br \/>\n<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ingl\u00eas, franc\u00eas, catal\u00e3o<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dein Mantel ist <\/span><b><i>aber<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> ganz schmutzig!<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b><i>Mas<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> o seu casaco est\u00e1 todo sujo!<\/span><\/td>\n<td><b><i>But<\/i><\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">your coat is all dirty!<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Du hast <\/span><b><i>wohl<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> meine Nachricht bekommen.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Voc\u00ea <\/span><b><i>bem (que)<\/i><\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">recebeu a minha mensagem, <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">n\u00e9<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">?<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vous avez <\/span><b><i>bien<\/i><\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">re\u00e7u mon message?<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Es ist <\/span><b><i>ja<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> schwer mit seiner Mutter umzugehen.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bom, <\/span><b><i>\u00e9 que<\/i><\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a m\u00e3e dele \u00e9 dif\u00edcil de lidar.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bueno <\/span><b><i>es que <\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">la mare es de jutjat eh.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nimm <\/span><b><i>doch<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> etwas Wodka.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tome uma Vodka <\/span><b><i>ent\u00e3o<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Have a Vodka <\/span><b><i>then<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00e3o podemos esquecer que as palavras modais em outras l\u00ednguas n\u00e3o s\u00e3o tradu\u00e7\u00f5es exatas de 1:1 para o alem\u00e3o, mas representam poss\u00edveis <\/span><b>equivalentes<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, dependendo do contexto. E no portugu\u00eas, j\u00e1 existem pesquisas sobre a modalidade? Sim, a seguir apresentamos uma tabela com os principais estudos:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td colspan=\"3\"><b>Estudos sobre as PMs em l\u00edngua portuguesa<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>WELKER (1990)<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a\u00ed, bem, j\u00e1, l\u00e1, mesmo, ent\u00e3o<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c9 para isso que voc\u00ea tem esse peda\u00e7o de pau enorme ent\u00e3o? <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(So, daf\u00fcr hast du wohl den gro\u00dfen Stock?)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Franco (1991)<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">acaso, afinal, bem, sempre, ent\u00e3o, j\u00e1, l\u00e1<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Aber das ist doch nicht m\u00f6glich <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Mas isso l\u00e1 \u00e9 poss\u00edvel)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Johnen (1997)<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">a\u00ed\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Senta <\/span><b><i>a\u00ed<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">! (Setz dich <\/span><b><i>doch<\/i><\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">!)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Aquino Arantes (2020); Aquino, Kahil (2021; 2022)<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Aquino, no prelo<\/b><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mas, a\u00ed, ent\u00e3o, l\u00e1, bem (que), \u00e9 que, assim, mesmo<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Quem <\/span><b>\u00e9 que <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">falou isso? <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Wer hat das <\/span><b>denn<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> gesagt?)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mas que \u00e1gua quente! <\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Das Wasser ist aber warm)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bem que eu avisei! <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Ich habe dir ja gesagt)<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Das ist ja hei\u00df! <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(Est\u00e1 quente mesmo n\u00e9! T\u00e1 quente hein!)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hora de treinar, <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pense em contextos espec\u00edficos e tente encontrar equivalentes para as seguintes PMs em alem\u00e3o:<\/span><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Alem\u00e3o<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Portugu\u00eas\u00a0<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Outras l\u00ednguas<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Setz dich <\/span><b>doch<\/b><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Das ist <\/span><b>aber <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ein interessanter Job<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ich habe es <\/span><b>ja<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">verdient<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Woher soll ich <\/span><b>denn<\/b> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">das wissen?<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Er ist <\/span><b>wohl<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> nach Hause gegangen<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Wir sind <\/span><b>halt<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> total \u00e4hnlich<\/span><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Diversos trabalhos argumentam que, mesmo com uma estrutura diferente do alem\u00e3o, outras l\u00ednguas apresentam a classe de palavras de PMs. Ao oferecerem justificativa para o ato de fala em que ocorrem, as formas de modaliza\u00e7\u00e3o s\u00e3o como um conselho \u2018metapragm\u00e1tico\u2019 e assim, representam uma necessidade funcional interlingu\u00edstica, podendo ser postulada a partir de simples suposi\u00e7\u00f5es [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23775,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-220","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-as-particulas-modais-em-outros-idiomas"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/particulasmodais\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/220","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/particulasmodais\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/particulasmodais\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/particulasmodais\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23775"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/particulasmodais\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=220"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/particulasmodais\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/220\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":221,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/particulasmodais\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/220\/revisions\/221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/particulasmodais\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=220"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/particulasmodais\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=220"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/particulasmodais\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=220"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}