{"id":3284,"date":"2022-03-29T18:09:28","date_gmt":"2022-03-29T20:09:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/?p=3284"},"modified":"2024-03-12T00:12:23","modified_gmt":"2024-03-12T02:12:23","slug":"virgens-dos-estados-unidos-ilhas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/virgens-dos-estados-unidos-ilhas","title":{"rendered":"Virgens dos Estados Unidos, Ilhas"},"content":{"rendered":"<a href=\"http:\/\/latinoamericana.wiki.br\/autores\/marcel-gomes-mg\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Marcel Gomes<\/span><\/a><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/bandeira-VIRGENS-DOS-ESTADOS-UNIDOS-ILHAS.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3285 alignnone\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/bandeira-VIRGENS-DOS-ESTADOS-UNIDOS-ILHAS.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"200\" height=\"133\" data-id=\"3285\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Com popula\u00e7\u00e3o estimada de 103 mil pessoas, 76% das quais negras ou descendentes, as Ilhas Virgens dos Estados Unidos s\u00e3o um territ\u00f3rio norte-americano localizado no mar do Caribe, a aproximadamente mil milhas de Miami. O territ\u00f3rio do arquip\u00e9lago compreende diversas ilhas, as maiores das quais s\u00e3o Saint Thomas \u2013 onde fica a capital, Charlotte Amalie \u2013, Saint John e Saint Croix. Sua rela\u00e7\u00e3o com Washington \u00e9 mediada pelo Minist\u00e9rio do Interior. Como se trata de um territ\u00f3rio n\u00e3o incorporado, as Ilhas Virgens s\u00e3o regidas por um estatuto semelhante ao de\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/puerto-rico\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Porto Rico<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, ou seja, possuem um representante sem direito a voto na Casa dos Representantes dos EUA e a elas n\u00e3o corresponde uma estrela na bandeira norte-americana. Na virada para o s\u00e9culo XXI, entre os ilh\u00e9us, eram crescentes a sensa\u00e7\u00e3o de desconforto com essa condi\u00e7\u00e3o e as reivindica\u00e7\u00f5es por maior representa\u00e7\u00e3o pol\u00edtica.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A administra\u00e7\u00e3o municipal e os membros do Legislativo local s\u00e3o eleitos pelos residentes desde 1936, ano em que entrou em vigor o\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organic Act<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, aprovado pelo Congresso norte-americano, que reconheceu os habitantes do arquip\u00e9lago como cidad\u00e3os norte-americanos e estabeleceu o princ\u00edpio do sufr\u00e1gio universal, eliminando os crit\u00e9rios patrimoniais para o voto. Rothschild Francis e Hamilton Jackson s\u00e3o considerados os her\u00f3is locais em virtude da luta pelos direitos civis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O primeiro governador negro,\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/espanol-hastie-william-henry\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">William Henry Hastie<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, indicado pelo governo norte-americano, foi empossado em 1946. A partir de 1970, o governador passou a ser eleito. A disputa entre os partidos espelha parcialmente o ambiente pol\u00edtico norte-americano. Al\u00e9m de democratas e republicanos, desde 1974, o Movimento dos Cidad\u00e3os Independentes (<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MCI<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) (ICM, em ingl\u00eas) participa ativamente das elei\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Em 11 de outubro de 1993, foi realizado um referendo sobre a independ\u00eancia. Dos 39.046 eleitores aptos a votar, 10.732 compareceram \u00e0s urnas. Destes, somente 4,9% votaram pela \u201cremo\u00e7\u00e3o da soberania dos Estados Unidos\u201d; 13,2% opinaram em favor da integra\u00e7\u00e3o completa aos EUA e 80,4% pela manuten\u00e7\u00e3o do estatuto atual. A quest\u00e3o, contudo, permaneceu em aberto, pois a convoca\u00e7\u00e3o do escrut\u00ednio estabelecia que a op\u00e7\u00e3o majorit\u00e1ria deveria ter metade mais um dos votos v\u00e1lidos e o comparecimento foi inferior a 30%.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-table su-table-responsive su-table-alternate\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><b>Nome oficial<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>Virgin Islands of the United States<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Localiza\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Caribe. Ilha entre o mar do Caribe<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">e o oceano Atl\u00e2ntico, a leste de Porto Rico<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Estado e Governo\u00b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Territ\u00f3rio dos<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Estados Unidos da Am\u00e9rica<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Idiomas\u00b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ingl\u00eas (71,6%), espanhol ou crioulo de base espanhola (17,2%), franc\u00eas ou crioulo de base francesa (8,6%), outras (2,5%) (2010)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Moeda\u00b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">D\u00f3lar norte-americano<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Capital\u00b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Charlotte Amalie<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(52 mil hab. em 2014)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Superf\u00edcie\u00b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1.910 km\u00b2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Popula\u00e7\u00e3o\u00b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">103.574 hab. (2015)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Densidade<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">demogr\u00e1fica<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">299 hab.\/km\u00b2\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(2015)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Distribui\u00e7\u00e3o da popula\u00e7\u00e3o\u00b2<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Urbana (94,59%) e<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">rural (5,41%) (2010)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Composi\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9tnica\u00b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Negros (76%), brancos (15,6%),\u00a0asi\u00e1ticos (1,4%),outros (4,9%), mesti\u00e7os (2,1%). Dos respondentes 17,4% auto-identificaram-se como latinos (2010)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Religi\u00f5es\u00b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Protestantes (59%), cat\u00f3lica romana (34%),\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">outras (7%)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">PIB (PPP)\u00b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">US$ 3,792 bilh\u00f5es (2013)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">PIB\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">per capita<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0(PPP)\u00b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">US$ 36.100 (2013)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Elei\u00e7\u00f5es\u00b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Governador eleito e vice-governador eleitos conjunta e diretamente por voto popular para mandatos de 4 anos, com direito \u00e0 reelei\u00e7\u00e3o. Legislativo unicameral (Senate) composto por 15 membros, que cumprem mandatos de 2 anos com direito \u00e0 reelei\u00e7\u00f5es. Tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 eleito diretamente por maioria simples, para um mandato de 2 anos, um representante para a C\u00e2mara dos Deputados dos EUA (House of Representatives), contudo com poderes limitados de vota\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h6><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fontes:<\/span><\/h6>\n<h6><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00b9\u00a0CIA.\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World Factbook<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00b2\u00a0ONU.\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World Urbanization Prospects,\u00a0the 2014 Revision<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/h6>\n<p><b>Hist\u00f3ria e tr\u00e1ficos de escravos<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O desbravamento das atuais Ilhas Virgens dos Estados Unidos come\u00e7ou em 1493, durante a segunda viagem de Crist\u00f3v\u00e3o Colombo ao continente. As florestas exuberantes e o mar azul fizeram com que Colombo se inspirasse na legend\u00e1ria beleza de Santa \u00darsula e de suas 11 mil virgens para batizar tanto o arquip\u00e9lago quanto as tamb\u00e9m atuais\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/virgens-britanicas-ilhas\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ilhas Virgens Brit\u00e2nicas<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Os \u00edndios nativos foram usados pelos espanh\u00f3is nas viagens de reconhecimento e para a constru\u00e7\u00e3o de um forte militar. Atualmente, restam poucos remanescentes da popula\u00e7\u00e3o original, a maioria confinada em reservas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A partir do s\u00e9culo XVII, com a decad\u00eancia do imp\u00e9rio espanhol, as ilhas do Caribe passaram a ser disputadas por franceses, ingleses e dinamarqueses. Saint Croix, a maior ilha do territ\u00f3rio, chegou a ser ocupada pela Inglaterra e pela Dinamarca. Baseados em Porto Rico, os espanh\u00f3is conseguiram retom\u00e1-la, mas acabaram finalmente derrotados pelos franceses. Em 1733, depois de insistente ass\u00e9dio, a Fran\u00e7a acabou vendendo Saint Croix \u00e0 Companhia da \u00cdndia Ocidental da Dinamarca, que j\u00e1 dominava Saint Thomas desde 1665 e Saint John, desde 1694. A Dinamarca reuniu, ent\u00e3o, as tr\u00eas principais ilhas do arquip\u00e9lago sob administra\u00e7\u00e3o \u00fanica.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">O governo dinamarqu\u00eas assinou, em 1685, um tratado com os holandeses de Brandemburgo, autorizando a Companhia Americana de Brandemburgo a estabelecer uma base para o com\u00e9rcio de escravos africanos em Saint Thomas, que acabou sendo a base da\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/espanol-economia\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">economia<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0at\u00e9 o s\u00e9culo XIX. Os escravos trabalhavam nas grandes planta\u00e7\u00f5es de cana-de-a\u00e7\u00facar e algod\u00e3o existentes em todo o Caribe, inclusive em Saint John e Saint Croix.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A literatura do arquip\u00e9lago registra diversas revoltas de escravos. Em 2 de julho de 1848, ap\u00f3s uma rebeli\u00e3o em Saint Croix, cerca de 5 mil negros conquistaram a liberdade. O governador liberal Peter Von Scholten, contrariando determina\u00e7\u00f5es vindas da Dinamarca, decidiu libertar todos os escravos em julho daquele ano. O fim da escravid\u00e3o coincidiu com o decl\u00ednio das atividades a\u00e7ucareiras no Caribe, a partir do in\u00edcio do s\u00e9culo XIX.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Ecossistema amea\u00e7ado<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Com a ascens\u00e3o dos EUA e sua transforma\u00e7\u00e3o em grande pot\u00eancia mundial, a vida no Caribe passaria por significativas mudan\u00e7as. Em 1917, a Dinamarca vendeu o territ\u00f3rio ao governo norte-americano por 25 milh\u00f5es de d\u00f3lares. As raz\u00f5es da compra foram geopol\u00edticas: em plena Primeira Guerra Mundial, os EUA temiam que a Alemanha constru\u00edsse bases navais na regi\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A pol\u00edtica de estabiliza\u00e7\u00e3o financeira, o\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">new deal\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">do governo de Franklin Roosevelt,\u00a0come\u00e7ou a surtir frutos na \u00e9poca do\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Organic Act<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, de 1936, quando se iniciou um novo ciclo de crescimento nas Ilhas Virgens dos Estados Unidos, gra\u00e7as principalmente ao turismo, que at\u00e9 os dias atuais \u00e9 o polo din\u00e2mico da economia e responde por pelo menos 70% do PIB local. As Ilhas Virgens dos Estados Unidos recebem cerca de 2 milh\u00f5es de turistas por ano. Em 1996, o Congresso norte-americano autorizou a abertura de cassinos no territ\u00f3rio. Logo depois, um grande hotel, com ampla estrutura para jogos, come\u00e7ou a ser constru\u00eddo em Saint Croix. O avan\u00e7o do turismo dos jogos de azar, marcado por grandes complexos hoteleiros e intenso fluxo de pessoas, faz com que atualmente uma parte da opini\u00e3o p\u00fablica e da\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/latinoamericana.wiki.br\/verbetes\/m\/midia\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">m\u00eddia<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0temam pelo comprometimento do ecossistema do arquip\u00e9lago.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3289\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3289\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/Vista-panoramica-da-ilha-Sao-Tomas-nas-Ilhas-Virgens-dos-Estados-Unidos.jpg\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3289 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/Vista-panoramica-da-ilha-Sao-Tomas-nas-Ilhas-Virgens-dos-Estados-Unidos.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\" data-id=\"3289\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/Vista-panoramica-da-ilha-Sao-Tomas-nas-Ilhas-Virgens-dos-Estados-Unidos.jpg 800w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/Vista-panoramica-da-ilha-Sao-Tomas-nas-Ilhas-Virgens-dos-Estados-Unidos-300x199.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/Vista-panoramica-da-ilha-Sao-Tomas-nas-Ilhas-Virgens-dos-Estados-Unidos-768x509.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/Vista-panoramica-da-ilha-Sao-Tomas-nas-Ilhas-Virgens-dos-Estados-Unidos-400x265.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3289\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vista panor\u00e2mica da ilha S\u00e3o Tomas nas Ilhas Virgens dos Estados Unidos (Sunil Pereira\/Wikimedia Commons)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3288\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3288\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/OEDIFC1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3288 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/OEDIFC1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" data-id=\"3288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/OEDIFC1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/OEDIFC1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/OEDIFC1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/OEDIFC1-400x267.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3288\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">O Edif\u00edcio da Legislatura (esquerda) e Forte Christian (direita) no distrito hist\u00f3rico de Charlotte Amalie (Smallbones\/Wikimedia Commons)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3287\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3287\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/NAVIOS1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3287 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/NAVIOS1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" data-id=\"3287\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/NAVIOS1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/NAVIOS1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/NAVIOS1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/NAVIOS1-80x60.jpg 80w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/NAVIOS1-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3287\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Navios cruzeiros no porto de S\u00e3o T\u00f3mas na cidade de Charlotte Amalie, capital das Ilhas Virgens dos Estados Unidos (OldPine\/Wikimedia Commons)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><b>Dados Estat\u00edsticos<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Indicadores demogr\u00e1ficos das llhas Virgens dos Estados Unidos<\/b><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-table su-table-responsive su-table-alternate\">\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td><b>1950<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>1960<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>1970<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>1980<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>1990<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>2000<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>2010<\/b><\/td>\n<td><b>2020*<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Popula\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(em mil habitantes)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">27<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">33<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">64<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">98<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">103<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">109<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">106<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">107<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2022 Sexo masculino (%)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">49,04<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">49,49<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">49,87<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">48,04<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">48,43<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">47,80<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">47,79<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&#8230;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u2022 Sexo feminino (%)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">50,96<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">50,51<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">50,13<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">51,96<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">51,57<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">52,20<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">52,21<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">&#8230;<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Densidade demogr\u00e1fica\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(hab.\/km\u00b2)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">77<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">94<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">185<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">284<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">298<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">313<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">307<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">308<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Taxa bruta de natalidade\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(por mil habitantes)**<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">34,14<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">41,69<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">38,69<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">24,41<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">21,22<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">14,43<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">15,2*<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">12,6<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Taxa de crescimento\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">populacional**<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1,83<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">8,38<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">5,84<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">1,23<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,72<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">-0,14<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">-0,10*<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">-0,14<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Expectativa de vida\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">(anos)**<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">59,24<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">64,55<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">68,72<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">72,17<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">75,47<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">78,12<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">80,0*<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">82,0<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Popula\u00e7\u00e3o entre\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0 e 14 anos (%)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">39,11<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">39,68<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">36,10<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">35,97<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">28,89<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">25,92<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">20,68<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">20,6<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Popula\u00e7\u00e3o com mais\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">de 65 anos (%)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">7,53<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">6,67<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u00a0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">3,66<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">4,58<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">5,98<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">8,57<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">13,70<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">20,4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Popula\u00e7\u00e3o urbana (%)\u00b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">58,34<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">56,48<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">69,59<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">80,15<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">87,69<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">92,59<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">94,59<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">95,89<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Popula\u00e7\u00e3o rural (%)\u00b9<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">41,66<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">43,52<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">30,41<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">19,85<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">12,32<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">7,41<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">5,41<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">4,11<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Participa\u00e7\u00e3o na popula\u00e7\u00e3o\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">latino-americana (%)***<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,02<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,01<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,02<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,03<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,02<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,02<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,02<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,02<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">Participa\u00e7\u00e3o na\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">popula\u00e7\u00e3o mundial (%)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,001<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,001<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,002<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,002<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,002<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,002<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,002<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400\">0,001<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h6><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fonte: ONU.\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World Population Prospects:\u00a0The 2012 Revision Database<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br \/>\n<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00b9 Dados sobre a popula\u00e7\u00e3o urbana e rural retirados de ONU.\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">World Urbanization Prospects, the 2014 Revision.<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h6>\n<h6><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">* Proje\u00e7\u00e3o. | **Estimativas por quinqu\u00eanios. | *** Inclui o Caribe.<\/span><\/h6>\n<h6><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obs.: Informa\u00e7\u00f5es sobre fontes prim\u00e1rias e metodologia de apura\u00e7\u00e3o (incluindo eventual mudan\u00e7a) s\u00e3o encontradas na base de dados indicada<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/h6>\n<p><b>Mapas<\/b><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/Mapa-Ilhas-virgens-dos-Estados-Unidos.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3286\" src=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/Mapa-Ilhas-virgens-dos-Estados-Unidos.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"839\" data-id=\"3286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/Mapa-Ilhas-virgens-dos-Estados-Unidos.png 720w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/Mapa-Ilhas-virgens-dos-Estados-Unidos-257x300.png 257w, https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/922\/2022\/03\/Mapa-Ilhas-virgens-dos-Estados-Unidos-400x466.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><b>Bibliografia<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">HAUENSCHILD, Gerhard Von.\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Attitudes and perceptions towards casino gambling in Caribbean destinations:\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bahamas, Puerto Rico, Barbados, US Virgin Islands. Barbados: Caribbean Tourism Research and Development Centre, 1982.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">MOOLENAAR, Ruth.\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Profiles of outstanding Virgin Islanders<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. St. Thomas, Virgin Islands: Departamento de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o, 1992.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">WILLOCKS, Harold W. L.\u00a0<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The umbilical cord:\u00a0<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the history of the United States Virgin Islands from Pre-Columbian Era to the Present. St. Croix, Virgin Islands: The author, 1995.<\/span>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Marcel Gomes<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22576,"featured_media":3289,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[95,104,152,84],"tags":[215,221],"class_list":["post-3284","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-paises","category-questao-ambiental","category-v-personas","category-v","tag-paises","tag-questao-ambiental","entry","has-media"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - 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