{"id":3967,"date":"2022-09-22T00:44:49","date_gmt":"2022-09-22T02:44:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/?p=3967"},"modified":"2024-03-12T10:46:22","modified_gmt":"2024-03-12T12:46:22","slug":"sals","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/sals","title":{"rendered":"Salsa"},"content":{"rendered":"Equipe Latinoamericana<\/span><\/p>\n

Nas d\u00e9cadas de 1950 e 1960, houve uma imigra\u00e7\u00e3o latina em Nova York em intensidade sem precedentes e os jovens migrantes, inspirados por um clima de rebeldia expresso pelo rock, passaram a buscar a elabora\u00e7\u00e3o de estilos musicais que correspondessem a sua realidade.<\/span><\/p>\n

Assim, rebelaram-se contra as\u00a0<\/span>big bands\u00a0<\/span><\/i>\u2013 \u00e0 \u00e9poca, principais representantes da m\u00fasica latina \u2013, e passaram a inovar as formas de se fazer\u00a0<\/span>m\u00fasica<\/span><\/a>, em um esfor\u00e7o semelhante ao dos jazzistas negros. Ali\u00e1s, Ray Barreto,\u00a0<\/span>Eddie Palmieri<\/a>\u00a0<\/span>e\u00a0<\/span>Willie Col\u00f3n<\/span><\/a>, que exerceram papel central na cria\u00e7\u00e3o da salsa, tocaram durante muito tempo com estes, o que ajuda a explicar os diversos pontos de aproxima\u00e7\u00e3o entre a salsa e o jazz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Malgrado sua inten\u00e7\u00e3o subversiva, a salsa aproveitou das\u00a0<\/span>big bands\u00a0<\/span><\/i>a ideia de identidade latina, bem como outros elementos oriundos dos g\u00eaneros negros e mulatos. Sua principal caracter\u00edstica \u00e9 a combina\u00e7\u00e3o livre e espont\u00e2nea de formas, ritmos e g\u00eaneros, como a guaracha, a rumba, a cumbia, a guajira, o cha-cha-ch\u00e1, o bolero, o\u00a0<\/span>samba<\/span><\/a>, o merengue, o\u00a0<\/span>hip-hop<\/span><\/a>, entre muitos outros, de tal forma que torna dif\u00edcil discernir os diferentes estilos. Al\u00e9m disso, com a salsa\u00a0se criou uma forma bastante original e indeterminada de improvisa\u00e7\u00e3o vocal e instrumental. O resultado \u00e9 uma m\u00fasica extremamente rica \u2013 executada por meio de trombones, trombetas, pianos, baixos ac\u00fasticos, flauta, diversos instrumentos de percuss\u00e3o, entre outros \u2013, que resiste ao enrijecimento em f\u00f3rmulas, o que fez com que muito tempo tivesse passado antes de a salsa ser reconhecida como aut\u00eantica express\u00e3o musical.<\/span><\/p>\n

A salsa tamb\u00e9m inovou em suas letras, as quais em grande parte consistiam, nas d\u00e9cadas de 1960 e 1970, em afirma\u00e7\u00f5es da identidade e unidade dos povos latinos e latino-americanos, bem como em protestos contra a discrimina\u00e7\u00e3o e a\u00a0<\/span>desigualdade<\/span><\/a>\u00a0social, e em aspira\u00e7\u00f5es por liberdade e justi\u00e7a.<\/span><\/p>\n

Com ajuda de Jerry Masucci, o nova-iorquino fundador da Fania Records, que foi o maior produtor de grava\u00e7\u00f5es de m\u00fasicas latinas at\u00e9 a d\u00e9cada de 1980, a salsa se difundiu primeiramente por alguns Estados norte-americanos e pelos pa\u00edses latino-americanos, com destaque para\u00a0<\/span>Cuba<\/span><\/a>,\u00a0<\/span>Porto Rico<\/span><\/a>,\u00a0<\/span>Rep\u00fablica Dominicana<\/span><\/a>,\u00a0<\/span>Col\u00f4mbia<\/span><\/a>,\u00a0<\/span>M\u00e9xico\u00a0<\/span><\/a>e\u00a0<\/span>Venezuela<\/span><\/a>, e a partir da d\u00e9cada de 1980, pela\u00a0<\/span>Argentina<\/span><\/a>, Europa, pelo Jap\u00e3o, bem como pelos Estados Unidos.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nos anos 80, apesar do surgimento da salsa rom\u00e2ntica e da salsa er\u00f3tica, perdeu parte de sua popularidade em favor do merengue dominicano, mas na d\u00e9cada de 1990 esse quadro se reverteu, com o ressurgimento de m\u00fasicos cubanos que introduziram importantes inova\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/span><\/p>\n

Fora alguns poucos grandes compositores \u2013 os porto-riquenhos Ortiz e\u00a0<\/span>\u201cTite\u201d Curet Alonso<\/a>\u00a0<\/span>e o panamenho Omar Alfanno \u2013, as salsas eram criadas pelos instrumentistas dos conjuntos e sobretudo pelos diretores das orquestras. Dentre as personalidades\u00a0<\/span>salseras\u00a0<\/span><\/i>, pode-se ainda destacar\u00a0<\/span>H\u00e9ctor Lavoe<\/span><\/a>; \u00c1ngel Canales;\u00a0<\/span>Rub\u00e9n Blades<\/span><\/a>; Ismael Rivera; Ismael Miranda; Eddie Palmieri; Johnny Pacheco;\u00a0<\/span>Celia Cruz<\/span><\/a>; Willie Col\u00f3n; Adalberto Santiago,\u00a0<\/span>Tito <\/span>Puente<\/span><\/a>; Joe Arroyo; The Latin Brothers; Fruko y sus Tesos; Isaac Villanueva; La Sonora Matancera; Oscar D\u2019Le\u00f3n; Jairo Varela; e o Grupo Niche.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Equipe Latinoamericana<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":22570,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[106,102,124,97],"tags":[204,197,205],"class_list":["post-3967","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-danca","category-diversidade-cultural","category-musica","category-temas","tag-danca","tag-diversidade-cultural","tag-musica","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nSalsa - 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