{"id":4685,"date":"2022-12-04T21:51:10","date_gmt":"2022-12-04T23:51:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/?p=4685"},"modified":"2024-03-12T10:15:25","modified_gmt":"2024-03-12T12:15:25","slug":"espanol-pmdb","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sites.usp.br\/portalatinoamericano\/es\/espanol-pmdb","title":{"rendered":"PMDB"},"content":{"rendered":"PMDB<\/b><\/p>\n

Partido do Movimento Democr\u00e1tico Brasileiro<\/span><\/p>\n

Por Equipo Latinoamericana<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

El Partido del Movimiento Democr\u00e1tico Brasile\u00f1o emergi\u00f3 en el escenario pol\u00edtico en 1966, durante la\u00a0<\/span>dictadura militar<\/span>, como Movimiento Democr\u00e1tico Brasile\u00f1o (MDB), sigla creada en el marco del sistema bipartidario para ejercer oposici\u00f3n contra el partido del gobierno, la Alianza Renovadora Nacional (ARENA). Sin embargo, durante el per\u00edodo autoritario cont\u00f3 con l\u00edderes destacados y valientes y logr\u00f3 mayores victorias electorales que las que pretend\u00eda la c\u00fapula de las Fuerzas Armadas. Algunos de sus candidatos resultaron electos como gobernadores y alcaldes, y, en 1974 y 1978, tuvo \u201canticandidatos\u201d (el diputado paulista\u00a0<\/span>Ulysses Guimar\u00e3es\u00a0<\/span>y el general Euler Bentes Monteiro) en el Colegio Electoral que homologaba a quien resultaba electo presidente por el comando militar.<\/span><\/p>\n

El MDB tuvo una importante participaci\u00f3n en la lucha por la democratizaci\u00f3n y cont\u00f3 entre sus l\u00edderes con Ulysses Guimar\u00e3es, quien pas\u00f3 a ser uno de los cabecillas del movimiento por las\u00a0<\/span>Directas <\/span>Ya<\/span>. A fines de los a\u00f1os 80, el partido perdi\u00f3 su car\u00e1cter de frente amplio antidictatorial, debido a la reforma partidaria que permiti\u00f3 la legalizaci\u00f3n de nuevas siglas. Del mismo naci\u00f3 el Partido de la Social Democracia Brasile\u00f1a (<\/span>PSDB<\/span>) y surgieron varias agrupaciones de\u00a0<\/span>izquierda<\/span>\u00a0que formaron el Partido de los Trabajadores (<\/span>PT<\/span>).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>
El diputado Ulysses Guimar\u00e3es conduce el proceso de discusi\u00f3n y votaci\u00f3n de las enmiendas del texto constitucional, junto al entonces senador Fernando Henrique Cardoso, el diputado Bernardo Cabral y el senador Humberto Lucena (C\u00e9lio Azevedo\/Senado Federal)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

En los a\u00f1os 90, ya como PMDB, particip\u00f3 junto con el Partido del Frente Liberal, actual Dem\u00f3cratas (<\/span>DEM<\/span>), de la coalici\u00f3n conservadora hegem\u00f3nica en los dos gobiernos de\u00a0<\/span>Fernando Henrique Cardoso<\/span>, del PSDB, aunque algunos militantes vinculados con el nacional-desarrollismo criticaron sus pol\u00edticas. En 2006 se present\u00f3 con una composici\u00f3n extremadamente heterog\u00e9nea, tanto desde el punto de vista de los sectores de clase que representaba regionalmente como en t\u00e9rminos ideol\u00f3gicos, lo que propici\u00f3 fuertes disputas entre los postulantes a las candidaturas. A pesar de no participar formalmente de la base aliada al gobierno de\u00a0<\/span>Luiz In\u00e1cio Lula da Silva<\/span><\/a>, logr\u00f3 alcanzar importantes carteras y fue decisivo para la correlaci\u00f3n de fuerzas entre el gobierno y la oposici\u00f3n en el Poder Legislativo.<\/span><\/p>\n

En 2007, Michel Temer, l\u00edder del PMDB, cerr\u00f3 un acuerdo con el presidente Lula, del PT, que institu\u00eda una \u201crotaci\u00f3n\u201d entre los dos partidos en las presidencias de la C\u00e1mara de Diputados y del Senado. En su momento, el PMDB ten\u00eda nueve gobernadores y el mayor n\u00famero de diputados federales, estatales y senadores entre todos los partidos, adem\u00e1s de 1.258 alcald\u00edas y casi 8.500 concejales. De esta forma, el PT, que era el segundo partido en n\u00famero de parlamentarios, form\u00f3 una composici\u00f3n imbatible con el PMDB, con el fin de dividir el comando de las dos casas del Congreso nacional.<\/span><\/p>\n

En las elecciones de 2010, Michel Temer fue vicepresidente en la llave de\u00a0<\/span>Dilma Rousseff<\/span><\/a>\u00a0(PT), indicando un \u201cpresidencialismo de coalici\u00f3n\u201d. El PMDB fue el gran vecendor de las elecciones de 2014, nuevamente con Temer en la vicepresidencia de Dilma y sumando la conquista del gobierno de nueve estados. En 2014, Temer reasumi\u00f3 el liderazgo del partido. En aquella altura, sin embargo, la relaci\u00f3n de fuerzas de la alianza PT-PMDB se hab\u00eda alterado, con el PMDB cada vez m\u00e1s determinante en las pautas y en la conducci\u00f3n del gobierno federal.<\/span><\/p>\n

Eduardo Cunha fue electo l\u00edder del PMDB en la C\u00e1mara en 2013 y 2014 y, en febrero de 2015, conquist\u00f3 la presidencia de la C\u00e1mara contra la candidatura del PT. Desafecto del Palacio del Planalto, Cunha es uno de los principales representantes del conservadurismo en el Parlamento, autor de proyectos como el D\u00eda del Orgullo Heterosexual y de la pena de hasta tres a\u00f1os de prisi\u00f3n para quien discrimine heterosuexuales.<\/span><\/p>\n

Adem\u00e1s de la presidencia de la C\u00e1mara, en 2015 el partido ocupaba tambi\u00e9n la presidencia del Senado, con Renan Calheiros y seis ministerios. Era el partido con el mayor n\u00famero de afiliados, el mayor n\u00famero de alcaldes y concejales adem\u00e1s de tener la mayor representaci\u00f3n en el Congreso Nacional. Su direcci\u00f3n discut\u00eda una candidatura propia a la presidencia en 2018.<\/span><\/p>\n

Conte\u00fado atualizado em\u00a020\/05\/2017 23:29<\/span>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Disculpa, pero esta entrada est\u00e1 disponible s\u00f3lo en Portugu\u00eas.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23249,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"0","ocean_second_sidebar":"0","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"0","ocean_custom_header_template":"0","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"0","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"0","ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"off","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[123,129],"tags":[200],"class_list":["post-4685","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-movimentos-sociais-e-partidos","category-temas-temas","tag-movimentos-sociais-e-partidos","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nPMDB - 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